Book Review The School of Astronomy in Gadaa: Sky, Time, and Indigenous African Science Oromia My Country – Research & Collective The School of Astronomy in Gadaa is a rigorous and conceptually original work that redefines how astronomy, time, and social order are understood within indigenous African knowledge systems. The book presents Gadaa not as a cultural backdrop to science, but as a self-contained astronomical institution, where observation of the sky structured governance, law, agricultu

The modern binary code, essential to every digital circuit from alarm locks to super computers, was first introduced by Leibniz around 1670 But its origins lie within West Africa. Leibniz has been inspired by the binary-based 'logic machine' of Raymond Lull, which was in turn inspired by the alchemists' divination practice fo geomancy (Skinner 1980). But geomancy is Clearly not of European origin. It was first introduced there by Hugo of Santalla in twelfth century Spain and Islamic scholars had