WASHINGTON—The leader of Senate Democrats moved to take the threat of a government shutdown off the table, following a grueling intraparty fight in which lawmakers struggled with how best to resist President Trump’s fast-paced efforts to slim down federal agencies.

After meeting with his conference, the Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer said "Republicans do not have the votes" to advance the House-approved measure.

Top U.S. Senate Democrat Chuck Schumer on Thursday said he would vote to advance a stopgap funding bill, signaling that his party would provide the votes to avert a government shutdown.