Discover the fascinating world of particle physics — the most fundamental building blocks of the universe and the forces that connect them.

The weakest of the four fundamental forces at the level of elementary particles; gravitation is the observed effect of the force of attraction between objects that contain either mass or energy ...

What Does "Fundamental" Mean? Particle physicists sometimes use the word fundamental, or elementary, to describe the particles and forces found in the Standard Model. They are using this word to ...

For over 50 years, physicists have generally agreed that the interactions between elementary particles are governed by four fundamental forces: the strong force, weak force, electromagnetic force ...

These elementary particles are then further defined by four fundamental forces that affect them: electromagnetic, strong nuclear, weak nuclear, and gravity.

With contributions by Dr. G. N. R. Tripathi NOTRE DAME, IN / ACCESS Newswire / August 23, 2025 / For the first time, researchers have presented a unified mathematical formulation that compactly brings ...

Physicists have made the most precise measurement yet of how strongly the weak force — one of nature's four fundamental forces — acts on the proton.

The standard model also includes rules for how quarks form composite particles called hadrons. The quarks are held together by the strong nuclear force, one of the four fundamental forces.

A potential fifth fundamental forceFor over 50 years, physicists have generally agreed that the interactions between elementary particles are governed by four fundamental forces: the strong force ...