The released British prisoner climbed in the desert heat with a note in his hand. The hot place he had reached was Bir Hachéim, a four-mile-square, mine-necklaced plateau in the Libyan desert. The ...

In the summer of 1942, the British Eighth Army was losing the war in North Africa. Erwin Rommel’s Afrika Korps had smashed ...

For the British it was utter, humiliating defeat. Tobruk, the same battle-scarred port that last year held out for eight months against Axis besiegers, succumbed to one day’s attack. Tobruk fell ...

Every morning over breakfast in early 1942, infamous German Field Marshal Erwin Rommel received a classified intelligence ...

The Fortress of Bir Hakeim served as one of the most important strongholds of the Free French Army against General Erwin ...

Here’s What You Need to Remember: The British were likely aware that some ships of supplies had gotten through, but never imagined that their enemy could recover so quickly and launch an effective ...

Here’s What You Need to Remember: Rommel demonstrated how superior leadership can sometimes overcome even material disadvantage. All other things being equal, leadership will trump opponents who might ...